Sección 7: VRF / IP Multicast
· Habilitar Mutlicast en los routers Core y sus interfaces.
· Utilizar SSM
· R10 esta generando un flujo de video que se pertenece al grupo mutlicast 233.0.0.10
· Los CEs en Sitio 1 puede acceder al servicio multicast
Multicast requiere que tengamos operativo IPv4 unicast en el Core, esto incluye los routers Provider (P) y provider Edge (PE). Habilitamos mutlicast en R1, R2, R3, R4 Y R5 con el comando global ip multicast-routing .
Ejemplo 7-1
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R1
ip multicast-routing
ip pim ssm default
interface Loopback0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface FastEthernet1/0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface FastEthernet2/0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R2
ip multicast-routing
ip pim ssm default
interface Loopback0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R3
ip multicast-routing
ip pim ssm default
interface Loopback0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R4
ip multicast-routing
ip pim ssm default
interface Loopback0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R5
ip multicast-routing
ip pim ssm default
interface Loopback0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R1#show ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
10.1.12.2 FastEthernet0/0 00:00:20/00:01:24 v2 1 / DR S P
10.1.13.3 FastEthernet0/1 00:00:16/00:01:28 v2 1 / DR S P
10.1.14.4 FastEthernet1/0 00:00:13/00:01:31 v2 1 / DR S P
10.1.15.5 FastEthernet2/0 00:00:10/00:01:34 v2 1 / DR S P
R2#show ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
10.1.12.1 FastEthernet0/1 00:00:41/00:01:33 v2 1 / S P
R3#show ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
10.1.13.1 FastEthernet0/1 00:00:59/00:01:43 v2 1 / S P
R4#show ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
10.1.14.1 FastEthernet0/1 00:01:14/00:01:29 v2 1 / S P
R5#show ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
10.1.15.1 FastEthernet0/1 00:01:27/00:01:16 v2 1 / S P
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En el Backbone debemos habilitar VRF Multicast y asignarla en la VRF en el grupo Multicast Diagnostic Toolset (MDT). Este crea un tunnel GRE que permite la comunicación Mutlicast entre PEs.
Ejemplo 6-2
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R2
ip vrf A
mdt default 232.1.1.1
R3
ip vrf A
mdt default 232.1.1.1
R2#show ip pim vrf A interface
Address Interface Ver/ Nbr Query DR DR
Mode Count Intvl Prior
10.0.0.2 Tunnel0 v2/S 1 30 1 10.0.0.3
R3#show ip pim vrf A interface
Address Interface Ver/ Nbr Query DR DR
Mode Count Intvl Prior
10.0.0.3 Tunnel0 v2/S 1 30 1 10.0.0.3
R3#show ip pim mdt
* implies group is the MDT default group
MDT Group Interface Source VRF
* 232.1.1.1 Tunnel0 Loopback0 A
R2#show ip pim mdt
* implies group is the MDT default group
MDT Group Interface Source VRF
* 232.1.1.1 Tunnel0 Loopback0 A
R4
ip vrf C
mdt default 232.1.1.1
R4#show ip pim vrf C interface
Address Interface Ver/ Nbr Query DR DR
Mode Count Intvl Prior
10.0.0.4 Tunnel0 v2/S 0 30 1 10.0.0.4
R4#show ip pim vrf C interface detail
Tunnel0 is up, line protocol is up
Interface is unnumbered. Using address of Loopback0 (10.0.0.4)
Multicast switching: fast
Multicast packets in/out: 0/0
Multicast TTL threshold: 0
PIM: enabled
PIM version: 2, mode: sparse
PIM DR: 10.0.0.4
PIM neighbor count: 0
PIM Hello/Query interval: 30 seconds
PIM Hello packets in/out: 0/13
PIM State-Refresh processing: enabled
PIM State-Refresh origination: disabled
PIM NBMA mode: disabled
PIM ATM multipoint signalling: disabled
PIM domain border: disabled
PIM neighbors rpf proxy capable: FALSE
Multicast Tagswitching: disabled
R4#show ip pim mdt
* implies group is the MDT default group
MDT Group Interface Source VRF
* 232.1.1.1 Tunnel0 Loopback0 C
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VRF Multicast. Creamos el LSP multicast.
Ejemplo 6-3
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R2
ip multicast-routing vrf A
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R8
ip multicast-routing
interface Loopback0
ip address 100.0.0.8 255.255.255.255
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R2#show ip pim vrf A neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
172.16.28.8 FastEthernet0/0 01:08:15/00:01:25 v2 1 / DR S P
R8#show ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
172.16.28.2 FastEthernet0/0 01:08:34/00:01:32 v2 1 / S P
R3
ip multicast-routing vrf A
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R9
ip multicast-routing
interface loopback 0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R3#show ip pim vrf A neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
172.16.39.9 FastEthernet0/0 00:02:01/00:01:41 v2 1 / DR S
R9#show ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
172.16.39.3 FastEthernet0/0 00:02:19/00:01:23 v2 1 / S
R4
ip multicast-routing vrf C
interface fastEthernet 0/0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R10
ip multicast-routing
interface loopback 0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
interface fastEthernet 0/0
ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R4#show ip pim vrf C neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
172.16.104.10 FastEthernet0/0 00:00:33/00:01:40 v2 1 / DR S
R10#show ip pim neighbor
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
S - State Refresh Capable
Neighbor Interface Uptime/Expires Ver DR
Address Prio/Mode
172.16.104.4 FastEthernet0/0 00:00:50/00:01:24 v2 1 / S
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Configuración RP estático a R10 con ID loopback 0. Antes de definir el RP, debemos comprobar que tenemos conexión al RP desde cualquier punto del LSP.
Luego definimos el RP en los Provider Edge y los CEs que participan en el proceso Multicast.
Ejemplo 6-4
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R2#sh ip route vrf A 100.0.0.10
Routing entry for 100.0.0.10/32
Known via "bgp 1", distance 200, metric 2, type internal
Redistributing via ospf 100
Advertised by ospf 100 subnets route-map SHAM-PRE
Last update from 10.0.0.4 01:44:41 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 10.0.0.4 (Default-IP-Routing-Table), from 10.0.0.4, 01:44:41 ago
Route metric is 2, traffic share count is 1
AS Hops 0
R2(config)#ip pim vrf A rp-address 100.0.0.10
R3#sh ip route vrf A 100.0.0.10
Routing entry for 100.0.0.10/32
Known via "bgp 1", distance 200, metric 2, type internal
Redistributing via ospf 100
Advertised by ospf 100 subnets route-map SHAM-PRE
Last update from 10.0.0.4 01:44:52 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 10.0.0.4 (Default-IP-Routing-Table), from 10.0.0.4, 01:44:52 ago
Route metric is 2, traffic share count is 1
AS Hops 0
R3(config)#ip pim vrf A rp-address 100.0.0.10
R4#sh ip route vrf C 100.0.0.10
Routing entry for 100.0.0.10/32
Known via "ospf 10", distance 110, metric 2, type intra area
Redistributing via bgp 1
Advertised by bgp 1 match internal external 1 & 2
Last update from 172.16.104.10 on FastEthernet0/0, 06:15:49 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 172.16.104.10, from 100.0.0.10, 06:15:49 ago, via FastEthernet0/0
Route metric is 2, traffic share count is 1
R4(config)#ip pim vrf C rp-address 100.0.0.10
R8#sh ip route 100.0.0.10
Routing entry for 100.0.0.10/32
Known via "ospf 100", distance 110, metric 3, type inter area
Last update from 172.16.28.2 on FastEthernet0/0, 00:10:34 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 172.16.28.2, from 2.2.2.2, 00:10:34 ago, via FastEthernet0/0
Route metric is 3, traffic share count is 1
R8#ping 100.0.0.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 100.0.0.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 148/176/228 ms
R8(config)#ip pim rp-address 100.0.0.10
R8#show ip pim rp
Group: 224.0.1.40, RP: 100.0.0.10, uptime 00:03:56, expires never
R8#show ip pim rp mapping
PIM Group-to-RP Mappings
Group(s): 224.0.0.0/4, Static
RP: 100.0.0.10 (?)
R9#sh ip route 100.0.0.10
Routing entry for 100.0.0.10/32
Known via "ospf 100", distance 110, metric 3, type inter area
Last update from 172.16.39.3 on FastEthernet0/0, 00:12:13 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 172.16.39.3, from 3.3.3.3, 00:12:13 ago, via FastEthernet0/0
Route metric is 3, traffic share count is 1
R9#ping 100.0.0.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 100.0.0.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 96/152/192 ms
R9(config)#ip pim rp-address 100.0.0.10
R9#show ip pim rp
Group: 224.0.1.40, RP: 100.0.0.10, uptime 00:01:55, expires never
R9#show ip pim rp mapping
PIM Group-to-RP Mappings
Group(s): 224.0.0.0/4, Static
RP: 100.0.0.10 (?)
R10(config)#ip pim rp-address 100.0.0.10
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Definimos el grupo que enviará el flujo multicast en R10
Ejemplo 6-5
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R10(config)#interface loopback 0
R10(config-if)#ip igmp join-group 225.0.0.10
R10(config-if)#ip igmp version 3
R10#show ip igmp interface loopback 0
Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 100.0.0.10/32
IGMP is enabled on interface
Current IGMP host version is 3
Current IGMP router version is 3
IGMP query interval is 60 seconds
IGMP querier timeout is 120 seconds
IGMP max query response time is 10 seconds
Last member query count is 2
Last member query response interval is 1000 ms
Inbound IGMP access group is not set
IGMP activity: 2 joins, 0 leaves
Multicast routing is enabled on interface
Multicast TTL threshold is 0
Multicast designated router (DR) is 100.0.0.10 (this system)
IGMP querying router is 100.0.0.10 (this system)
Multicast groups joined by this system (number of users):
224.0.1.40(1) 225.0.0.10(1)
R8#show debugging
IP multicast:
PIM debugging is on
R8#ping 225.0.0.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 1, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 225.0.0.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
PIM(0): Send v2 Register to 100.0.0.10 for 100.0.0.8, group 225.0.0.10
Reply to request 0 from 172.16.104.10, 328 ms
R9#ping 225.0.0.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 1, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 225.0.0.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
Reply to request 0 from 172.16.104.10, 396 ms
Reply to request 0 from 172.16.104.10, 448 ms
R10#show ip mroute
IP Multicast Routing Table
Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected,
L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag,
T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry,
X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement,
U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report,
Z - Multicast Tunnel, z - MDT-data group sender,
Y - Joined MDT-data group, y - Sending to MDT-data group
Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched, A - Assert winner
Timers: Uptime/Expires
Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode
(*, 225.0.0.10), 00:02:35/stopped, RP 100.0.0.10, flags: SJCL
Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
Outgoing interface list:
Loopback0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:02:35/00:02:04
(100.0.0.8, 225.0.0.10), 00:00:16/00:02:43, flags:
Incoming interface: FastEthernet0/0, RPF nbr 172.16.104.4
Outgoing interface list:
Loopback0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:00:16/00:02:43
(*, 224.0.1.40), 00:13:39/00:02:04, RP 100.0.0.10, flags: SJCL
Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0
Outgoing interface list:
FastEthernet0/0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:03:54/00:02:32
Loopback0, Forward/Sparse-Dense, 00:13:39/00:02:04
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